Originally posted by
hobbler
A bit late to the party but here it goes:
First, the background information. My wife grew up Buddhist (Thai Forest mixed with Chinese), converted to Christianity about 17 years back, but has a very strong Buddhist tint on her Christianity. My real life experience with Buddhism has been limited to the superficial trappings of temple visits, religious talks with the wife, and some studies into Zen Buddhism when I was younger.
Buddhism can easily be broken down into two sections; an organized religion and a philosophy. As a philosophy, the eight fold path boils down to "Do the right thing." End of story.
Stylisticly, Buddhism is simply a decentralized middle ages Catholic church mixed with Mormonism. Form, ceremony, and the clergy are extremely important in everyday life. Everyday actions can greatly affect your standing in this life and the next, saint's relics/blessed medallions give luck and protection, and monks are often consulted for advice.
Now, the real fun comes when getting around not doing the right thing. In Thai Buddhism, it's called "Making Merit", which I guess is a mixture of Confucian teachings and Buddhism. Making merit is going out of your way to do nice things in order to atone for things you've done in the past, thus raising your overall standing. The highest thing that can generally be done is something to honor your parents, joining the clergy for a short time, or donating money to charities/a temple. Little everyday actions include leaving out sweets/water for protective building spirits or just random acts of kindness.
Of course, it still boils down to "Do the right thing." The rest is just retconing the times when you, as a flawed individual, didn't do the right thing.
That's pretty much just with the Thai forest tradition. Others vary on the overall theme. Zen/Japanese is bigger on the philosophical part, but was often practiced hand in hand with Shinto beliefs. This allowed the two belief structures to develop in slightly different manners.
Tibetan Buddhism is a twisted amalgamation used to justify a theocracy, so very similar to the medieval Catholic structure. I've very little positive to say about the strictly Tibetan beliefs.